Crane



(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 1. J. HEMPHILL & J. PAWELL. CRANE.

No. 489,634. Patented Jan. 10, 1893.

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JAMES HEMPHILL AND JOSEPH FAW'ELL, OF IITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 489,634, dated January10, 1893.

Application filed July 14, 1892.

T aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMES I-IEMPHILL and JOSEPH FA WELL, citizens ofthe United States, residing at Pittsburg, in the county of -Alleghenyand State of Pennsylvania, have invented or discovered certain new anduseful Improvements in Cranes, of which improvements the following is aspecification.

The invention described herein relates to certain improvements in fluidpressure cranes. It has heretofore been customaryin this class of cranesto effect the vertical movement of the load by means of a jib shiftedvertically by a fluid pressure cylinder and piston located at or nearthe mast, or by a fluid pressure cylinder and piston arranged verticallyon the jib of the mast. The former class of cranes are not applicablefor low-roofed buildings where a comparatively large range of verticalmovement is required, as it is necessary in order to obtain the desiredlift to place the lower end of the mast with the lifting cylinder in apit below the floor level. In the latter class only a small range ofmovement can be had, on account of the necessary limitation as to thelength of the lifting cylinder.

The object of the present invention is to so construct and arrange thelifting mechanism as will render it possible to obtain a range of liftapproximately equal to the height of the building in which the crane isplaced.

In general terms the invention consists in the construction andcombination substantially as hereinafter more fully described andclaimed.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification,Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a crane constructed in accordancewith the present invention; Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the jib, themast being shown in section, and; Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1,showing certain modifications in the arrangement of the cylinders on thejib.

In the practice of the invention, the mast 1 is constructed ofchannel-irons which are secured at their upper and lower ends to j onrnals 2 and 3, the journal 3 being arranged in a suitable step 4, andthe journal 2 mounted in a suitable bearing 5 secured to the upper framework of the building. The upper end of the mast is provided with a fluidpressure distributing head 6 from which extend pipes Serial No. 440,001.(No model.)

leading to the several fluid pressure cylinders as will be hereinafterdescribed. On the upper journal 2 is fastened a gear wheel? intermeshing with a rack bar 8 connected to the piston 9 of the fluid pressurecylinder 10, employed for rotating the mast. I

The jib 11 is formed of I beams bolted at or near their inner ends tothe mast, their outer ends being supported by rods 12, extending downfrom the head of the mast. A frame 13 is secured or formed integral withone head of the fluid pressure cylinder 14, and a yoke 15 is secured tothe end of the piston rod 16 of said cylinder. On the sides of the frameand yoke are mounted rollers 17, which together with wings 18 formed onthe side of the cylinder rest upon the top of the beams forming the jib.In the frame 13 and yoke 15 are mounted wheels 19 and 20, over whichpasses a chain 21 having one end connecting to a gripping mechanism 22,and its opposite end secured to a lug 23 on the underside of thecylinder. Fluid pressure is introduced into the ends of the cylinder bypipes 24, which extend down from the distributing head 6. By admissionof fluid pressure into one end and a corresponding exhaust from theopposite end of the cylinder the wheel will be shittedand the grippingmechanism raised or lowered the distance of travel of the grippingmechanism being twice that of the wheel 20..

In order to control the movements of the lifting cylinder 14 during theraising or lowering a load, and also to shift said cylinder along thejib, the piston rod 25 of a second fluid pressure cylinder 26 isconnected to the lifting cylinder as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. In theconstruction shown in Fig. 1,the shifting cylinder 26 is secured to theunderside of the jib, and its piston rod is connected to the lug 23. Ifpreferred, however, the lifting and shifting cylinder may be arranged asshown in Fig. 3. In this arrangement, the piston of the stationaryshifting cylinder is provided with rods projecting through opposite endsof the cylinder. One of these rods as 25 is attached to the rear end ofthe lifting cylinder 14 and the frame 13 carrying the Wheel 19 isshifted from the end of the lifting cylinder and attached to the end ofthe piston rod 25. It will be observed that the rods 25, 25, form asolid connection between the lifting cylinder and the frame, so that thecylinder and frame move together on the admission of fluid pressure tothe shifting cylinder, as in the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Fluid pressure is conducted to the shifting cylinder by pipes 27extending from the distributing head 6.

It will be readily understood that the jib 11 may be arranged very nearthe upper end of the mast, so that a lift nearly equal to the height ofthe building can be had. When the jib is arranged at or near the upperend of the mast, the rods 12 would be changed to compression rods byarranging them from the outer end of the jib to the lower end of themast.

In other forms of fluid pressure cranes, a very large percentage ofpower is employed in lifting parts of the crane, but it ischaracteristic of our improved crane that the power is employed almostentirely in raising the load, and we are, therefore, enabled to effectalarge economy in the amount of water or other fluid in raising a givenload.

We claim herein our invention:

1. In a crane, the combination of a jib, a movable fluid pressurecylinder mounted horizontally on said jib and a gripping mechanismhaving a flexible connection to said cylder, substantially as set forth.

2. In a crane, the combination of a jib, a lifting cylindermountedhorizontally on said jib, and a stationary fluid pressurecylinder for shifting the lifting cylinder, substantially as set forth.

In a crane, the combination of a jib, a movable fluid pressure cylindermounted horizontally on said jib, wheels movable with the piston rod ofsaid cylinder and with the cylinder respectively, and a flexibleconnection extending from the gripping mechanism around said wheels andconnected to the cylinder, substantially as set forth.

4. In a crane, the combination of a jib, a fluid pressure cylindermounted on said jib, wheels movable with the piston rod of said cylinderand with the cylinder respectively, a flexible connection extending fromthe gripping mechanism around said wheels and connected to the cylinder,and means for shifting said cylinder along the jib, substantially as setforth.

5. In a crane, the combination of a jib, a fluid pressure cylindermounted on said jib, wheels movable with the piston of said cylinder andwith the cylinder respectively, a flexible connection extending from thegripping mechanism around said wheels and connected to the cylinder, anda stationary fluid pressure cylinder secured to the jib for shifting thelifting cylinder, substantially as set forth.

6. In a crane, the combination of a jib, a lifting cylinder mounted onsaid jib, a shifting cylinder having a piston rod connected to thelifting cylinder, wheels mounted on the ends of the piston rods of thelifting and shifting cylinders, respectively, and a flexible connectionextending from a gripping mechanism around said Wheels and connected tothe lifting cylinder, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands. I

JAMES HEMPHILL. JOSEPH FAVVELL.

WVitnesses: v

R. H. WHITTLESEY, DARWIN S. WoLoorT,

